Two new species of miniature psammophilic sarcoglanidine catfishes of the genus Microcambeva from the Atlantic Forest of eastern Brazil (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)

ABSTRACT

Trichomycterid catfishes of the Sarcoglanidinae, which includes small-sized species living in sandy river substratum, have been poorly represented in collections. We herein describe two new species of the sarcoglanidine genus Microcambeva, endemic to river basins draining the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The presence of a distal widening on the posterior process of the autopalatine and a rudimentary anterior autopalatine ossification shared by the two new species, M. mucuriensis sp. nov. from the Rio Mucuri and M. jucuensis sp. nov. from the Rio Jucu basin, and M. draco from the Rio Jucuruçu basin indicates that these three species are more closely related to each other than to other congeners. Microcambeva mucuriensis seems to be more closely related to M. draco than to M. jucuensis in that the first two species share the presence of a well-developed anterior process of the interopercle. The two new species are also distinguished from congeners by the number of opercular odontodes and premaxillary teeth, and the relative size of the sesamoid supraorbital. Available evidence taken from this study and previous reports indicates that different sarcoglanidine lineages have adapted to live in distinct riverine habitats, with species of Atlantic Forest Microcambeva inhabiting clearwater streams and Amazonian sarcoglanidines found in tea-stained acidic-water streams.

http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8CFF9C88-1CEC-44AF-AD26-1D4A56F3D946     

中国赛艇女子轻量级双人双桨队员里约奥运会赛前水上训练内容与负荷特征研究

采用文献资料法、专家访谈法及数理统计法,分析中国赛艇女子轻量级双人双桨队员里约奥运会赛前水上训练内容与负荷特征.研究发现:①中国赛艇女子轻量级双人双桨队员里约奥运赛前训练(9周)分为强化期和适应期,其中强化期为赛前加量阶段,适应期为赛前减量阶段.②强化期与适应期水上训练以乳酸低于4 mmol/L的有氧训练为主,适应期不安排最大速度训练,而增加有氧训练.③强化期与适应期每日训练时间变化服从正太分布,且强化期休息日少,训练密度大,通过每日训练时间的增减变化来消除疲劳,调整状态.④强化期与适应期水上训练以小强度为主,乳酸阈强度为辅;此外,强化期每周水上小强度与乳酸阈强度训练高度相关,呈现一主一辅的交替变化特征,且在强化期开始与结束阶段以及适应期均以小强度为主,乳酸阈强度为辅开展训练.结论:赛前水上训练内容和负荷安排相对合理,运动员能在比赛中较好地发挥自身水平,但仍存在冲刺较晚、桨频慢和速度不足的问题,建议在训练中增加小强度和大强度的水上训练比例,逐渐逼近"两极化模式".     

中国女排里约奥运会夺冠的技术分析

利用现场观察、录像回放、数理统计等方法,对第31届奥运会中国女排各场比赛技术指标进行统计分析,以提炼出中国女排夺冠制胜因素.结果表明:我国女排8场比赛合计进攻次数922次,有效进攻得分次数398次,成功率43.17%,进攻效率达到31.34%.在8场比赛中只有3场发球得分超过对手,显示出中国队发球技术实力不够稳定;而拦网技术表现稳定,整个8场比赛中中国队只有两场拦网得分少于对手,拦网得分与失误减少成为中国队里约奥运夺冠的重要因素之一;主攻队员得分219分,占比55.03%;副攻队员得分199分,占比24.87%;接应队员得分67分,占比16.83%.朱婷的得分能力突出,个人得分158分,占全队总得分39.70%.建议进一步弘扬女排精神,树立良好队伍竞技风貌,加强女排后备人才培养,全面提高技术训练效果与战术布局效率,完善国内女排联赛体系.     

科技助力奥运训练：形势、进展与对策

围绕科技助力奥运,服务训练,分析了我国竞技体育面临的形势与任务。研究 认为：从上届巴西里约奥运会中国代表队的金牌数出现明显下滑形势看,我国竞技代表队 将会在2020 年东京奥运会面临更加严峻的形势,前有美国、俄罗斯强大对手围追,中有英 国、德国、澳大利亚竞争,后有东道主日本堵截。分析了强大对手在竞技训练硬件、软件 方面的三位一体格局以及完整、系统、科学的训练环节,指出当前我国科技助力奥运训练 的三大主要任务：1.科学的顶层设计;2.构建科学化训练团队,提高科学对训练的引领作 用;3.探索竞技训练的科学化发展之路。     

First record of Monobrachium parasitum Mereschkowsky, 1877 (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Brazil,in the tropical southwestern Atlantic,and its implication for bipolarity concepts

Project HABITATS was recently initiated in the Campos Basin (20.5–24° S), state of Rio de Janeiro, to assess biological impacts of petroleum exploration and exploitation on the continental shelf and slope of Brazil. Among species discovered in benthic samples from the area is the hydroid Monobrachium parasitum Mereschkowsky, 1877, occurring in an epibiotic association with the pelecypod mollusc Mendicula ferruginosa (Forbes, 1844): this is the first report of an association between the two species. Monobrachium parasitum has always been reported from cold waters, and is generally considered bipolar. This report records the occurrence of M. parasitum at lower latitudes, where they have seldom been collected: it is also the first account of this species from South America and the southwestern Atlantic. Moreover, the bathymetric distribution of M. parasitum is extended to a depth of 998 m. No previous records exist of hydroids from the Brazilian continental slope.